Fast facts

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Canine influenza virus (CIV) outbreaks may approach 100% infection rates, with up to 80% of dogs developing clinical signs1

Canine influenza virus (CIV) outbreaks may approach 100% infection rates, with up to 80% of dogs developing clinical signs1

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CIV may cause suppurative pneumonia and lung inflammation that may lead to chronic bronchitis2

CIV may cause suppurative pneumonia and lung inflammation that may lead to chronic bronchitis2

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Recent CIRD pathogen prevalence study showed CPiV, mycoplasma spp, CIV and Bordetella as the most identified organisms by PCR3

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Recent CIRD pathogen prevalence study showed CPiV, mycoplasma spp, CIV and Bordetella as the most identified organisms by PCR3

Recent CIRD pathogen prevalence study showed CPiV, mycoplasma spp, CIV and Bordetella as the most identified organisms by PCR3

respiratory-fast-fact-two respiratory-fast-fact-two respiratory-fast-fact-two

CIV may cause suppurative pneumonia and lung inflammation that may lead to chronic bronchitis2

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47.7% of asymptomatic dogs were PCR-positive for at least one CIRD pathogen4

47.7% of asymptomatic dogs were PCR-positive for at least one CIRD pathogen4

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Transmission

Viruses can survive on surfaces for 24 hours or more, and dogs that appear healthy can still transmit disease.

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Aerosol

sneezing or coughing

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Direct contact

whether symptoms are present or not

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Fomite

from contaminated toys, bowls or bedding

Dogs at risk

Community spread of CIV and Bordetella have been documented in many areas, from veterinary hospitals to business, and even across back yards.

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Dogs who do any of the following are at risk:

Attend daycare

Play at the dog park

Visit dog groomers

Stay in a boarding facility

Go to classes or dog events

Share a fence with dogs that do any of the above

Clinical signs and symptoms

Just like those of other bacterial and viral diseases, symptoms can vary from dog to dog. Severe cases can lead to pneumonia and even death.

Cough
High fever
Lethargy
Reduced appetite
Runny nose
Cough
Difficulty breathing
Lung infection
Runny nose
Cough
Lethargy
Lower respiratory disease
Ocular discharge
Reduced appetite
Runny nose
Sneezing

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See the canine vaccines proven to protect dogs from respiratory diseases.

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References :

  1. Canine Influenza: Pet Owners' Guide. American Veterinary Medical Association. https://www.avma.org/resources/pet-owners/petcare/canine-influenza-pet-owners-guide. Accessed November 21, 2021.
  2. Lee, Y., et al. (2011). Severe canine influenza in dogs correlates with hyperchemokinemia and high viral load. Virology, 417, 57-63. Spickler, A.R., (2016). Canine Influenza. Center for Food Security and Public Health. 1-10. http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/canine_influenza.pdf
  3. Maboni G., Seguel M., Lorton A., Berghaus R., Sanchez S. (2019) Canine infectious respiratory disease: New insights into the etiology and epidemiology of associated pathogens. PLoS ONE 14(4): e0215817. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215817
  4. Lavan & Knesl, 2015 Prevalence of canine infectious respiratory pathogens in asymptomatic dogs presented at US animal shelters. Journal of Small Animal Practice (2015) 56, 572–576 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12389

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